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Psychiatric Disorders
Nicotine Related Disorder
23
Jun
Jun
It is one of the most heavily used addictive in the United States and around the world. It causes lung cancer, emphysema and cardiovascular diseases.
• It is one of the most heavily used addictive in the United States and around the world. It causes lung cancer, emphysema and cardiovascular diseases.
• The WHO estimates there are 1 billion smokers worldwide and they smoke 6trillion cigarettes a year. The WHO also estimates that tobacco kills more than 3 million persons each year.
• Cause of death: it include chronic bronchitis and emphysema (51,000 deaths), bronchogenic cancer (106,000 deaths), 35% of MI (115, 000 deaths), cereberovascular disease, cardiovascular disease and lung cancer.
• The increased use of chewing tobacco and snuff has been associated with the development of oropharyngial cancer. Smoking causes the cancer of the lung, upper respiratory tract, esophagus, bladder and pancreas and probably of the stomach .liver and kidney.
• Tobacco is the most common form of nicotine. It is smoked most commonly in cigarettes, cigars, chewing tobacco and in pipes. The rate of quitting smoking has been highest among well-educated white men and lowest among women, blacks, teenagers and those with low levels of education.
• DIAGNOSIS
• The DSM IV TR lists three nicotine related disorders. These are
• Nicotine dependence
• Nicotine withdrawal
• Nicotine related disorders not otherwise specified
• Nicotine dependence